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Zapomniana willa generała

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Type: bibliographic description of an article

Author
Title variant
English
A general's forgotten villa
Publication date
2015
Language
Polish
Series/Journal
Ochrona Zabytków
Abstract
English
Reflection on the history of a modernist villa-hotel, built in late 1930s by general Tadeusz Kasprzycki on Butorowy Wierch in Kościelisko, a place that offers one of the most beau tiful panoramas of the Tatra Mountains. The article shows not only architectural and construction history of the building, but also circumstances behind the construction. The Minister of Military Affairs erected the house under a cloud of scandal: a broadly-discussed romantic affair, financial abuses, use of military funds for his private purposes. Following the World War II, the building was taken over by the army, which reconstructed the villa without any respect to stylistic values. Fortunately, the name “Salamandra” was left intact. The original architecture of the villa-hotel of general Kasprzycki, a building erected in the years 1937-1939 on a T-plan, resembled other modernist objects of that time, referring to the organic architecture (Kasprowy Wierch cable rail way stations, especially the upper one). A three-story western part and a perpendicular four-story eastern part were built, with floors withdrawing in terraces; walls were made of stone and with granite masonry. A flat roof, typical for spa functional ism, was used. Years of neglect and architectural lawlessness have changed a modernist villa into a gloomy mausoleum covered with a socialist-modernist caricature of a mountain-style roof. Today, Salamandra does not match with an idyllic landscape. We can only hope that under the new management it will become a gem of the Zakopane architecture again. One should take care not only of the building, but also of revalorisation of the surroundings, recover park alleys and landscape architecture. The article uses numerous archive materials, coming from, among others, military archives.
Keywords
modernizm, architektura organiczna, architektura regionalna, funkcjonalizm, funkcjonalizm uzdrowiskowy, modernizacja, socmodernizm, zabytki architektury XX wieku, obiekt budowlany, sanatorium, ruina, góralski dach, dwuspadowy dach, hotel, willa-hotel, pensjonat, gmach, parcela, zabytek międzywojenny, spadzisty stok, rzut w kształcie litery T, tarasowo cofające się kondygnacje, murowanie, okładzina granitowa, dach płaski, centralny taras trawiasty, roślinność, park, Wojskowy Dom Wypoczynkowy, Wojskowy Dom Wypoczynkowo-Leczniczy w Kościelisku, Salamandra, Kajzerhof, Oficerski Dom Wczasowy, oficerski dom wypoczynkowy, pensjonat Kajzerówny, Obiekt (Kompleks) nr IV, Wojskowe Sanatorium Przeciwgruźlicze, Wojskowy Zespół Wypoczynkowy, Szlak Imienia marsz. Piłsudskiego, zakłady wojskowe w Krakowie, II Rzeczpospolita, Franciszek Czerny, Tadeusz Kasprzycki, Tadeusz Litwiński, Marian Dunin-Majewski, Władysław Wielowieyski, Witold Tyszewicz, Andrzej Zeniuk, Wojskowe Biuro Studiów i Projektów Budowlanych, Rodzinne Rajdy Górskie Wojska Polskiego, Agencja Mienia Wojskowego, Małopolska, Podhale, Zakopane, Tatry, Butorowy Wierch, Kościelisko
modernism, organic architecture, functionalism, architectural monuments of the 20th century
Volume number
68
Number
2 (267)
Pages range
115-132
Illustrations
phot.
Remarks
Bibliogr. s. 131-132
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